Percepções sobre os espaços públicos de lazer, segurança e qualidade de vida dos brasileiros / Perceptions about brazilian's leisure public places, security and life quality

Objetivo: analisar as percepções sobre os espaços públicos de lazer, segurança e qualidade de vida dos adultos brasileiros. Método: a amostra foi composta por 5259 adultos, representando uma cidade de cada uma das cinco regiões brasileiras, sendo elas: Florianópolis (SC), Goiânia (GO), João Pessoa (PB), Palmas (TO) e Vitória (ES). Foi utilizado um questionário estruturado que foi aplicado por equipe treinada. A Regressão Logística Binária foi utilizada para identificar as razões de chances, sendo analisadas no modelo ajustado quando as variáveis atingissem o critério pré estabelecido de p<0,05. Resultados: Pelo menos um terço da amostra (35,2%) indicou percepção de qualidade de vida negativa. Demonstraram maior chance de apresentá-la aqueles que quase nunca ou nunca frequentavam espaços públicos de lazer e os que os percebiam como desagradáveis, insuficientes e inseguros e aqueles que não se sentiam seguros durante a noite e de dia em suas cidades. Conclusão: A partir das associações encontradas após análise ajustada, sugere-se que espaços públicos de lazer e segurança podem intervir na qualidade de vida, por isso recomenda-se soluções de incentivo e manutenção daqueles, de forma que incida positivamente na percepção desta.

Objective: To analyze the perceptions about public leisure spaces, safety and quality of life of Brazilian adults. Method: the sample consisted of 5,259 adults, representing a city in each of the five Brazilian regions, namely: Florianópolis (SC), Goiânia (GO), João Pessoa (PB), Palmas (TO) and Vitória (ES). Characterizing itself as a cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological research. The instrument applied in the research was the standardized questionnaire, called Public Opinion Research (POP). Binary Logistic Regression was used to identify the odds ratios, being analyzed in the adjusted model when the variables reached the pre-established criterion of p<0.05. Results: At least one third of the sample (35.2%) indicated a negative perception of quality of life. Those who almost never or never attended public leisure spaces and those who perceived them as unpleasant, insufficient and insecure and those who did not feel safe during the night and day in their cities showed a greater chance of presenting it. Conclusion: Based on the associations found after an adjusted analysis, it is suggested that public spaces for leisure and safety can intervene in the quality of life, so it is recommended solutions to incentive and maintain those, in a way that positively affects their perception.

Secular trends in body image dissatisfaction and associated factors among adolescents (2007-2017/2018).

OBJECTIVE: To assess secular trends in body image dissatisfaction and associated factors among adolescents over a 10-year period (2007-2017/2018). METHODS: The sample included 1,479 (2007, n = 531; 2017/2018, n = 948) high school adolescents of both sexes, aged 14 to 18 years, of schools in a city in southern Brazil, in 2007 and 2017/2018. Data were collected on sex, age, physical activity (IPAQ, short form), anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, and triceps and subscapular skinfolds), and body image dissatisfaction (figure rating scale). The variables were compared with Independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The associations between sex and other variables were examined with chi-square test, and the factors associated with body image were identified with multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Most adolescents were dissatisfied with their body image in 2007 (65,2%) and 2017/2018 (71,1%). The prevalence of body dissatisfaction increased by 9.2% over the 10-year period, particularly dissatisfaction with thinness (21.3%). After stratification by sex, in 2017/2018 sample, dissatisfaction with overweight was 46.1% greater in boys, and dissatisfaction with thinness was 66.9% greater in girls. Factors found to be significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction were physical activity level, and body adiposity. CONCLUSIONS: There was a secular trend toward increased body image dissatisfaction in both sexes. Future efforts should go beyond scientific production, in public and private environments aimed at increasing awareness of health issues related to body care in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains.

Physical Activity Levels in Brazilian Adolescents: A Secular Trend Study (2007-2017/18).

Only a small proportion of Brazilian adolescents practice sufficient physical activity (PA). However, it is not clear whether this proportion has been decreasing over time. This study aimed to examine the 10-year trends of sufficient PA in adolescents and to investigate differences by sex and age. Using a standard protocol, we compared two cross-sectional cohorts of adolescents aged 15 to 18 years, recruited in 2007 (n = 1040) and in 2017/18 (n = 978). Using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the adolescents reported moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) performed in the last seven days. Sufficient PA was defined as engaging in at least 60 min/day of MVPA. In the subgroups, investigated by sex or age, there was an increase in the prevalence of sufficient PA. Overall, sufficient PA declined by 28.1% from 2007 to 2017/18. Boys in 2007 were more active than their 2017/18 peers, and this was equally observed in girls in 2007 compared to those in 2017/18. The findings show decreasing secular trends in sufficient PA in the investigated adolescents. Not only are public health authorities in Brazil witnessing an escalation of insufficient PA, but they are also losing ground with the most active adolescents.

Young people's low back pain and awareness of postural habits: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Young people tend to spend most of their time in activities involving inappropriate positions, which can promote musculoskeletal alterations and disorders. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in young people and analyse its associations with daily postural habits. METHODS: Cross-sectional and retrospective study evaluating 679 Brazilian young people (15 to 18 years old), using questionnaires about LBP and awareness of postural habits. The prevalence values were calculated for the present moment, the last three months and throughout life. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Chi-square test were applied. RESULTS: The prevalence of LBP at the present moment was 27.2%, 57.7% over the last three months and 73.9% throughout life. Boys and girls presented significantly different values, a larger number of girls manifesting pain for the three moments. The associated postural habits were: turning the body, reduction of lumbar lordosis when seated, not placing the feet on the floor, crossing the legs when sitting in the classroom and at home, sitting or lying in an inappropriate position, and distributing the body asymmetrically on the legs when standing. CONCLUSIONS: Young people from 15 to 18 years of age show a high prevalence of low back pain. Inadequate postural habits adopted during everyday activities are associated with this complaint. These findings could contribute to the implementation of prevention and rehabilitation strategies.

Evaluation of cardiopulmonary system outcomes in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) tend to avoid physical activity, which can affect their health and well-being. AIM: Conduct a systematic review to identify, synthesize and compile data from the literature on the evaluation of the cardiopulmonary system in children with DCD. METHOD: According to PRISMA guidelines, we searched for articles indexed in PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The strategy was directed at the Population (children), Exposure (DCD), Outcomes (descriptors related to cardiopulmonary evaluation). RESULTS: A total of 59 articles were identified through the databases. In the end, after analyzing the titles, abstracts, and full articles, including articles through manual search in the lists of bibliographic references, 13 articles relevant to the topic were included. All selected studies evaluated cardiorespiratory fitness / aerobic capacity parameters, and only three studies included the assessment of lung function. CONCLUSION: Although very heterogeneous, the evidence found in this review suggests that children with DCD have less cardiorespiratory fitness and lower lung function when compared to children with typical development. However, new studies are suggested to investigate and strengthen the evidence found in the present study.

Social support from family and friends for physical activity in adolescence: analysis with structural equation modeling.

Social support is an important predictor for the maintenance of physical activity in adolescence. Thus, the social-ecological approach values the impact of individuals or groups interaction with available resources in the social environment for adopting an active lifestyle. This study analyzes social support from family and friends for adolescents to practice physical activity. Guided by the Social-Ecological Theory, an observational cross-sectional structural equations modeling was applied to 2,710 Brazilians adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years. We identified that the greater the social support from friends (ß = 0.30; RMSEA = 0.065; CFI = 0.953; TLI = 0.922; SRMR = 0.048) and family, the greater the adolescents physical activity (ß = 0.27; RMSEA = 0.015; CFI = 0.997; TLI = 0.995; SRMR = 0.013). However, support from both sources indicated no adequate adjustment values in the same study model. Our findings suggest that adolescents who perceive social support from family members or friends practice more physical activity, confirming that social support is important for physical activity promotion.

Social support from family and friends for physical activity in adolescence: analysis with structural equation modeling / Apoio social de familiares e amigos para atividade física em adolescentes: análise com modelagem de equações estruturais / Apoyo social de la familia y amigos para la actividad física de adolescentes: análisis con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales

Social support is an important predictor for the maintenance of physical activity in adolescence. Thus, the social-ecological approach values the impact of individuals or groups interaction with available resources in the social environment for adopting an active lifestyle. This study analyzes social support from family and friends for adolescents to practice physical activity. Guided by the Social-Ecological Theory, an observational cross-sectional structural equations modeling was applied to 2,710 Brazilians adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years. We identified that the greater the social support from friends (β = 0.30; RMSEA = 0.065; CFI = 0.953; TLI = 0.922; SRMR = 0.048) and family, the greater the adolescents physical activity (β = 0.27; RMSEA = 0.015; CFI = 0.997; TLI = 0.995; SRMR = 0.013). However, support from both sources indicated no adequate adjustment values in the same study model. Our findings suggest that adolescents who perceive social support from family members or friends practice more physical activity, confirming that social support is important for physical activity promotion.

O apoio social é um preditor importante da manutenção de atividade física na adolescência, sendo que a abordagem da ecologia social valoriza o impacto da interação entre indivíduos ou grupos com recursos disponíveis no ambiente social para adotar um estilo de vida saudável. Portanto, o estudo analisa as relações de apoio social de familiares e amigos para a prática de atividade física por adolescentes. Com base na Teoria de Ecologia Social, os autores aplicam a modelagem de equações estruturais com uma perspectiva observacional e desenho transversal, com 2.710 adolescentes brasileiros entre 14 e 18 anos de idade. Foi possível mostrar que níveis maiores de apoio social dos amigos (β = 0,30; RMSEA = 0,065; CFI = 0,953; TLI = 0,922; SRMR = 0,048) e dos familiares estão associados com maior atividade física nos adolescentes (β = 0,27; RMSEA = 0,015; CFI = 0,997; TLI = 0,995; SRMR = 0,013). Entretanto, o apoio de ambas as fontes no mesmo modelo analítico não indicou bons valores de ajuste. Os achados sugerem que os adolescentes que recebem apoio social de familiares ou amigos apresentam melhores níveis de atividade física, confirmando o apoio social como importante fator de promoção da prática de atividade física.

El apoyo social es un importante predictor para el mantenimiento de la actividad física en la adolescencia, por ello, el enfoque socioecológico valora el impacto de la interacción entre individuos, o grupos con recursos disponibles en el entorno social, con el fin de adoptar un estilo de vida activo. Por lo tanto, este estudio analiza el apoyo social de las relaciones de familia y amigos para la práctica de actividad física de adolescentes. Utilizando la Teoría Ecológica Social, aplicamos modelos de ecuaciones, desde una perspectiva observacional con diseño transversal, en la que participaron 2.710 brasileños adolescentes, de 14 a 18 años de edad. Fue posible identificar que cuanto mayor era el apoyo social de los amigos (β = 0,30; RMSEA = 0,065; CFI = 0,953; TLI = 0,922; SRMR = 0,048), al igual que el apoyo social de la familia, mayor era la actividad física de los adolescentes (β = 0,27; RMSEA = 0,015; CFI = 0,997; TLI = 0,995; SRMR = 0,013). Sin embargo, el respaldo de ambas fuentes en el mismo modelo de análisis no indicó valores de ajuste adecuados. Los resultados sugieren que los adolescentes que percibieron un apoyo social de los miembros de la familia o amigos tienen niveles mejores de actividad física. Este resultado confirma que el apoyo social es un importante promotor de la práctica de actividad física.

Concordância entre testes concorrentes para identificação de crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação / Agreement between competing tests for the identification of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a concordância dos resultados de diferentes instrumentos, Movement Assessment Battery for Children - checklist e teste motor (MABC-2) e Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ-BR), utilizados para indicação de transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação (TDC). Método Estudo transversal, realizado no ano de 2017, com dados de crianças entre sete e 10 anos de idade, provenientes de escolas municipais de São José/SC. Elas foram avaliadas quanto ao desempenho motor por meio dos instrumentos MABC-2 (teste motor e checklist) e DCDQ-BR. A análise estatística incluiu o coeficiente Kappa (K) para verificar a concordância entre os resultados dos instrumentos, considerando um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Participaram do estudo 302 crianças, com média de idade de 8,5±1,09 anos. Ao comparar o MABC-2 teste motor, MABC-2 checklist e o DCDQ-BR, foram observadas concordâncias de regular a fraca (K = 0,303 / 0,116 / 0,039). Conclusão O presente estudo não identificou concordância consistente entre os resultados dos instrumentos MABC-2 e DCDQ-BR para indicação de crianças com TDC, mas a combinação deles é a forma mais completa de avaliação.

Abstract Objective To verify the agreement of the results between different instruments, Movement Assessment Battery for Children - checklist and motor test (MABC-2) and Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ-BR), used to indicate developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Method A cross-sectional study, carried out in 2017, with data from seven to 10-year-old children from municipal schools in São José/SC. They were evaluated for motor performance using the MABC-2 (motor test and checklist) and DCDQ-BR instruments. The statistical analysis included the Kappa coefficient (K) to verify the agreement between the results of the instruments, considering a level of significance of 5%. Results 302 children participated in the study, with a mean age of 8.5 ± 1.09 years old. When comparing the MABC-2 motor test, MABC-2 checklist, and the DCDQ-BR, we observed concordances from regular to weak (K = 0.303 / 0.116 / 0.039). Conclusion The present study did not identify consistent agreement between the results of the MABC-2 and DCDQ-BR instruments for an indication of children with DCD, but their combination is a more complete form of evaluation.

Subjective sleep need and daytime sleepiness in adolescents / Necessidade subjetiva de sono e sonolência diurna em adolescentes

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the contribution of subjective sleep need for daytime sleepiness in adolescents, and to compare questions about sleep, age and body mass index between adolescents who considered to sleep enough and those who reported the need for more sleep. Methods: This is a descriptive, epidemiological and cross-sectional study. Data collection was performed in August 2016, with 773 adolescents aged 14-19 years old, from Paranaguá, Paraná, Southern Brazil. The analysis included the following variables: time in bed, half-sleep phase, sleep need, social jetlag, daytime sleepiness, body mass index and physical activity. Results: The prevalence of adolescents with subjective need for sleep was 73.0%, with an average need of 1.7 extra hours of sleep. These adolescents woke up earlier (p<0.001) and slept less on school days (p<0.001). The need for more sleep was associated with higher daytime sleepiness scores (rho=0.480; p<0.001) and with later half-sleep phase (rho=0.200; p<0.001). No correlation was identified between the sleep need and time in bed (rho=-0.044; p=0.225). The subjective sleep need was the variable with the greatest explanatory power for daytime sleepiness (24.8%; p<0.001). In addition, the less adolescents practiced physical activity, the higher their daytime sleepiness scores (rho=-0.117; p<0.001). Conclusions: The subjective sleep need has an important role in explaining daytime sleepiness among adolescents. Adolescents who needed to sleep more reported waking up early and experienced sleep deprivation during class days; they also woke up later on the weekends and experienced more daytime sleepiness, compared to those who believed they had enough sleep.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a contribuição da necessidade subjetiva de sono para a sonolência diurna em adolescentes e comparar questões sobre sono, idade e índice de massa corporal entre os adolescentes que consideram dormir o suficiente e os que julgam necessitar dormir mais. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, epidemiológico e transversal, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu em agosto de 2016 em 773 adolescentes de 14 a 19 anos de Paranaguá, PR, Brasil. As variáveis de análise foram tempo de cama, meia fase do sono e necessidade de mais horas de sono, além do jetlag social, sonolência diurna, índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e atividade física. Resultados: A prevalência de adolescentes com necessidade subjetiva de sono foi 73,0%, sugerindo precisar, em média, de 1,7 hora a mais de sono. Estes acordavam mais cedo (p<0,001) e dormiam menos nos dias de aula (p<0,001). A necessidade de dormir mais associou-se a maiores pontuações de sonolência diurna (rho=0,480; p<0,001) e com meia fase do sono mais tardia (rho=0,200; p<0,001). Não foi identificada correlação entre necessidade de sono e tempo de cama (rho=-0,044; p=0,225). A necessidade subjetiva de sono foi a variável com maior poder explicativo da sonolência diurna (24,8%; p<0,001). Além disso, quanto menos os adolescentes praticavam atividade física, maiores as pontuações de sonolência diurna (rho=-0,117; p<0,001). Conclusões: A percepção subjetiva de sono teve papel importante para explicar a sonolência diurna dos adolescentes. Os jovens que precisavam dormir mais relataram acordar mais cedo e apresentavam privação de sono durante os dias de aula, acordaram mais tarde no final de semana e apresentaram maior sonolência diurna, comparando-se aos que acreditavam dormir o suficiente.

Comportamento neuromotor de lactentes em relação ao sexo biológico Neuromotor / Neuromotor behavior of infants in relation to biological sex from 0 to 2 months

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o comportamento neuromotor de lactentes em relação ao sexo biológico de 0 a 2 meses. A população deste estudo foi representada por todas as crianças com idade compreendida do nascimento aos dois meses de vida, que durante o período de coleta de dados apresentou registro de nascimento junto as unidades de Saúde do município de Fraiburgo-SC. A amostra foi composta de 55 lactentes sem histórico de risco biológico. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta dos dados foram: Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, formulário biopsicossocial e cartão de saúde da criança. Apesar dos meninos apresentaram maior pontuação em relação à habituação, socialização e regulação e as meninas maior pontuação em relação ao comportamento neuromotor, regulação sistema autônomo e reflexo, não foram encontradas diferenças significativas em termos estatísticos. Neste estudo não existem diferenças neurocomportamentais e reflexas entre meninos e meninas do nascimento aos dois meses de vida...(AU)

The aim this study was to verify the neuromotor behavior of infants in relation to biological sex from 0 to 2 months. The study population was represented by all children aged from birth to two months of life, which were born and were officially registered during the data collection period in the City Health Units in Fraiburgo - SC. The sample consisted of 55 infants with no history of biological risk. The instruments used for data collection were: Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, byopsichosocial formulary and child health card. Although, boys had higher scores in relation to habituation, socialization andregulation and the girls' higher scores in relation to motor skills, self-regulating system and reflex, there is no statically significant differences between them. In this study there is no neuromotor and reflex difference between boys and girls from birth to two months of life...(AU)

SUBJECTIVE SLEEP NEED AND DAYTIME SLEEPINESS IN ADOLESCENTS.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the contribution of subjective sleep need for daytime sleepiness in adolescents, and to compare questions about sleep, age and body mass index between adolescents who considered to sleep enough and those who reported the need for more sleep. METHODS: This is a descriptive, epidemiological and cross-sectional study. Data collection was performed in August 2016, with 773 adolescents aged 14-19 years old, from Paranaguá, Paraná, Southern Brazil. The analysis included the following variables: time in bed, half-sleep phase, sleep need, social jetlag, daytime sleepiness, body mass index and physical activity. RESULTS: The prevalence of adolescents with subjective need for sleep was 73.0%, with an average need of 1.7 extra hours of sleep. These adolescents woke up earlier (p<0.001) and slept less on school days (p<0.001). The need for more sleep was associated with higher daytime sleepiness scores (rho=0.480; p<0.001) and with later half-sleep phase (rho=0.200; p<0.001). No correlation was identified between the sleep need and time in bed (rho=-0.044; p=0.225). The subjective sleep need was the variable with the greatest explanatory power for daytime sleepiness (24.8%; p<0.001). In addition, the less adolescents practiced physical activity, the higher their daytime sleepiness scores (rho=-0.117; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The subjective sleep need has an important role in explaining daytime sleepiness among adolescents. Adolescents who needed to sleep more reported waking up early and experienced sleep deprivation during class days; they also woke up later on the weekends and experienced more daytime sleepiness, compared to those who believed they had enough sleep.

Sleep disturbance in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review.

The aim of the present systematic review was to compare sleep disorders in children, from 7 to 12 years old, with and without an attention-deficithyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis. Electronic literature search of PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases was conducted in September 2017. We included cross-sectional observational studies comparing the sleep of children between 7 and 12 years old, with and without an ADHD diagnosis, reported according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. The studies with other research designs, those that included adolescents and/or adults in the sample and those who evaluated the sleep of children with ADHD and other associated comorbidities were excluded. A total of 1911 articles were identified. After analyzing, 8 articles were compatible with the theme and included in the review. For sleep evaluation, most of the studies used an objective measure together with another subjective measure. Three out of six studies that used objective measures did not observe any differences between children with and without ADHD diagnosis. Children with ADHD presented more sleep disturbances when compared to children without the diagnosis. These disorders were diverse, yet inconsistent among the surveys. More studies are needed to clarify and for robust results.

[Insufficient levels of physical activity of adolescents associated with sociodemographic, environmental and school factors]. / Níveis insuficientes de atividade física de adolescentes associados a fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares.

This study investigated the associations between the level of physical activity with sociodemographic, environmental and academic factors of adolescents. Two thousand five hundred and forty-five adolescents aged between 14 and 18 from Florianópolis and neighboring cities participated in this study. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The prevalence of inactive adolescents was 48.6%, being higher among females (53.9%). For girls, physical inactivity was associated with the lack of appropriate and free places for physical activity (OR = 1.30 95% CI 1.05 to 1.82), with no influence of other variables. For boys who had no professional activity (OR = 1.54 95% CI 1.14 to 2.08), less educated mothers (OR = 0.41 95% CI 0.27 to 0.75), or graduate mothers (OR = 0.35 95% CI 0,17- 0,73), living in major cities (OR = 1.64 95% CI 1.17 to 2.31) and low socioeconomic classification when compared to the average (OR = 0.69 95% CI 0.49 to 0.97) were more prone to physical inactivity. It was observed that the socio-demographic variables were associated with the inactive behavior of boys and environmental variables were associated with the physical inactivity of girls. Among the academic factors, only having to repeat a year was associated with inactivity, and only for girls.

Este estudo investigou as associações entre o nível de atividade física com os fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares de adolescentes. Participaram 2.545 jovens de 14 a 18 anos dos municípios da Grande Florianópolis. Foi utilizada a versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). A prevalência de jovens inativos foi de 48,6%, sendo maior no sexo feminino (53,9%). Para as moças, a inatividade física esteve associada com a falta de lugares apropriados e gratuitos para a prática de atividade física (OR = 1,30 IC95%1,05-1,82), independente da influência das outras variáveis. Já para os rapazes, aqueles que não possuíam atividade profissional (OR = 1,54 IC95%1,14-2,08), mães de menor instrução (OR = 0,41 IC95% 0,27-0,75) ou mães com ensino superior (OR = 0,35 IC95% 0,17- 0,73), pertencentes a cidades de grande porte (OR = 1,64 IC95%1,17-2,31) e classificação socioeconômica baixa quando comparada à média (OR = 0,69 IC95% 0,49-0,97), apresentaram maior chance de inatividade física. Observou-se que as variáveis sociodemográficas estiveram associadas ao comportamento inativo dos rapazes e às variáveis ambientais se associaram a inatividade física das moças. Já dentre os fatores escolares, apenas a reprovação escolar foi associada com inatividade, e somente para as moças.

Suporte social da família e amigos para a prática de atividade física de adolescentes: uma revisão sistemática / Social support of family and friends for the practice of physical activity of adolescents: a systematic review

Resumo Introdução O suporte social da família e amigos tem sido relatado como importante preditor tanto para a prática quanto manutenção de comportamentos relacionados à atividade física entre adolescentes. Objetivo O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar evidências científicas que abordassem a relação do suporte social da família, pais e amigos para a prática de atividade física de adolescentes. Método Para este estudo, foram selecionados artigos publicados em português e/ou inglês, indexados em bases científicas até o mês de janeiro de 2017, compreendendo adolescentes de 14 a 19 anos. Estes artigos apresentaram estudos originais com desenhos transversais e longitudinais, e também estavam inseridos nas bases de dados PubMed, SCOPUS, Scielo e Lilacs. Dentre os 3268 artigos identificados nas buscas, posteriormente aos estágios de seleção dos mesmos, constatou-se que apenas 27 artigos preencheram os critérios de inclusão, que em seguida foram analisados na íntegra. Resultados Os estudos foram publicados na última década e realizados em diferentes países, e o suporte social esteve relacionado à atividade física, tanto em estudos transversais quanto longitudinais. Nesses estudos, verificou-se que os adolescentes que receberam maior suporte social de um modo geral,bem como apoio dos pais, amigos e familiares, mostraram níveis mais altos na prática de atividade física. Conclusão O apoio social foi um fator importante para a prática de atividade física em adolescentes. Dessa forma, os programas para promoção de atividade física devem ser direcionados não somente aos adolescentes, mas sobretudo às redes sociais que os cercam.

Abstract Background Social support has been reported as an important predictor for the practice and maintenance of behaviors related to physical activity among adolescents. Objective The objective of this study is to analyze scientific evidence that addresses the associations between social support of family, parents and friends for the practice of physical activity of adolescents. Method We selected articles published in Portuguese or English, that were indexed until January 2017, with adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years, transverse and longitudinal originals inserted in PubMed, SCOPUS, Scielo and Lilacs databases. Among the 3268 studies identified in the search, and after the stages of article selection, 27 met the inclusion criteria and were entirety analyzed. Results The studies were published in the last decade and carried out in different countries. Social support was related to physical activity, both in transverse and longitudinal studies. In these studies, it was found that adolescents who received greater general social support, as well as support from parents, friends and relatives, showed higher levels of physical activity practice. Conclusion Social support is an important factor associated with the level of physical activity practice in adolescents. Thus, programs to promote physical activity should be directed not only to adolescents but also to the social network that surrounds them.

Níveis insuficientes de atividade física de adolescentes associados a fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares / Insufficient levels of physical activity of adolescents associated with sociodemographic, environmental and school factors

Resumo Este estudo investigou as associações entre o nível de atividade física com os fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares de adolescentes. Participaram 2.545 jovens de 14 a 18 anos dos municípios da Grande Florianópolis. Foi utilizada a versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). A prevalência de jovens inativos foi de 48,6%, sendo maior no sexo feminino (53,9%). Para as moças, a inatividade física esteve associada com a falta de lugares apropriados e gratuitos para a prática de atividade física (OR = 1,30 IC95%1,05-1,82), independente da influência das outras variáveis. Já para os rapazes, aqueles que não possuíam atividade profissional (OR = 1,54 IC95%1,14-2,08), mães de menor instrução (OR = 0,41 IC95% 0,27-0,75) ou mães com ensino superior (OR = 0,35 IC95% 0,17- 0,73), pertencentes a cidades de grande porte (OR = 1,64 IC95%1,17-2,31) e classificação socioeconômica baixa quando comparada à média (OR = 0,69 IC95% 0,49-0,97), apresentaram maior chance de inatividade física. Observou-se que as variáveis sociodemográficas estiveram associadas ao comportamento inativo dos rapazes e às variáveis ambientais se associaram a inatividade física das moças. Já dentre os fatores escolares, apenas a reprovação escolar foi associada com inatividade, e somente para as moças.

Abstract This study investigated the associations between the level of physical activity with sociodemographic, environmental and academic factors of adolescents. Two thousand five hundred and forty-five adolescents aged between 14 and 18 from Florianópolis and neighboring cities participated in this study. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The prevalence of inactive adolescents was 48.6%, being higher among females (53.9%). For girls, physical inactivity was associated with the lack of appropriate and free places for physical activity (OR = 1.30 95% CI 1.05 to 1.82), with no influence of other variables. For boys who had no professional activity (OR = 1.54 95% CI 1.14 to 2.08), less educated mothers (OR = 0.41 95% CI 0.27 to 0.75), or graduate mothers (OR = 0.35 95% CI 0,17- 0,73), living in major cities (OR = 1.64 95% CI 1.17 to 2.31) and low socioeconomic classification when compared to the average (OR = 0.69 95% CI 0.49 to 0.97) were more prone to physical inactivity. It was observed that the socio-demographic variables were associated with the inactive behavior of boys and environmental variables were associated with the physical inactivity of girls. Among the academic factors, only having to repeat a year was associated with inactivity, and only for girls.

Atividades motoras e qualidade de vida de adolescentes de Paranaguá, Paraná / Motor practices and quality of life of adolescents of Paranagua, Parana

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as relações entre o envolvimento em diferentes atividades motoras, de acordo com a frequência de prática, e a percepção da qualidade de vida de adolescentes. Partici-param do estudo 773 adolescentes das escolas estaduais de Paranaguá (Paraná), com idade de 14 a 19 anos. Por meio de um questionário autoaplicável, foram coletadas informações sociodemográficas, a atividade motora (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents) e percepção da qualidade de vida (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™, versão 4.0). Adolescentes que praticavam futebol (p < 0,005), basquete (p < 0,005), lutas (p < 0,005), musculação (p < 0,001), tênis/tênis de mesa (p < 0,005), natação (p < 0,0005), voleibol (p < 0,005), ginástica na academia (p < 0,005) e andavam de bicicleta (p < 0,005) apresentaram percepção mais positiva de qualidade de vida em diferentes domínios. Os domínios da qualidade de vida com mais atividades motoras associadas foram "saúde e atividade" e "convívio com outras pessoas". Envolvimento em diversas atividades motoras associou-se a melhor percepção da qualidade de vida, diferindo-se conforme frequência. Adolescentes que praticavam uma ou duas vezes por semana o futebol, basquete, lutas, natação, corrida, tênis/tênis de mesa e mus-culação, também como, os que praticavam, de três ou mais vezes na semana, a caminhada, voleibol, fazer exercício em academias de ginástica, corrida e andavam de bicicleta apresentaram percepção mais positiva da qualidade de vida que os não praticantes

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationships between the involvement in different motor activities, according to the frequency of practice, and the perception of the quality of life of adolescents. A total of 773 adolescents from the state's schools of Paranagua (Paraná), aged 14 to 19, participated in the study. Using a self-administered questionnaire, was investigated sociodemographic information, motor activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and perception of quality of life (Pediatric instrument Quality of Life Inventory ™ version 4.0. Adolescents was practiced soccer (p < 0.005), basketball (p < 0.005), fights (p < 0.005), bodybuilding (p< 0.001), tennis / table tennis (p < 0.005), swimming (p < 0.005), volleyball (p < 0.005), exercise in gymnasiums (p < 0.005) and cycling (p < 0.005) had a more positive perception of quality of life in different domains. The domains of quality of life with more associated motor activities were "health and activity" and "living with other people". Involvement in several motor activities was associated with a better perception of quality of life, differing according to frequency. Teenagers who practiced once or twice a week soccer, basketball, fights, swimming, running, tennis / table tennis and bodybuilding, as well as, practicing, three or more times a week, walking, volleyball, gymnastics, running and cycling had a more positive perception of quality of life than non-practitioners

Status social subjetivo na escola e nas aulas de educação física / Subjective social status in school and in physical education classes / Nivel social subjetivo en el colegio y en las clases de educación física

Resumo Objetivo Identificar os fatores associados à percepção do status social subjetivo na escola e nas aulas de educação física em escolares de uma escola de Florianópolis (SC). Método A amostra foi composta por 312 estudantes (53,2% meninas), de 10 a 16 anos, do ensino fundamental de uma escola da rede pública municipal de Florianópolis (SC). Foram investigadas questões de qualidade de vida, atividade física, comportamento sedentário, índice de massa corporal (IMC), características sociodemográficas e status social subjetivo na escola e nas aulas de educação física. Resultados A percepção do status social na escola foi superior nas meninas (p = 0,003), enquanto a percepção do status social nas aulas de educação física foi superior nos meninos (p = 0,015). A percepção de status social nas aulas de educação física apresentou correlações negativas com o IMC (r = −0,202; p = 0,001) e tempo sentado durante a semana (r = −0,127; p = 0,026) e correlação positiva com a atividade física (r = 0,372; p < 0,001). Maior escolaridade dos pais indicou maior status social subjetivo dos adolescentes na escola (p ≤ 0,001). Além disso, maior percepção de status social, tanto na escola como nas aulas educação física, apresentou correlações positivas com melhor percepção da qualidade de vida geral (r = 0,264; p < 0,001 e r = 0,222; p < 0,001 respectivamente). Conclusão O presente estudo indicou relações importantes do status social subjetivo na educação física com a qualidade de vida, IMC, tempo sentado e atividade física dos adolescentes.

Abstract Objective The objective of the study was identify factors associated with the subjective social status perception at school and in physical education classes in a school of Florianopolis - SC. Method The sample consisted of 312 students, of both sexes, aged 10 to 16 years, regularly enrolled in elementary school 5th to 8th year of a municipal public school of Florianopolis - SC. Were investigated quality of life issues, physical activity, sedentary behavior, body mass index (BMI), sociodemographic characteristics and subjective social status at school and in physical education classes. Results The perception of social status at school was higher in girls (p = 0.003), while the perception of social status in physical education classes was higher in boys (p = 0.015). The perception of social status in physical education classes showed negative correlations with BMI (r = −0.202; p = 0.001) and time sitting during the week (r = −0.127; p = 0.026) and positively correlated with physical activity (r = 0.372; p <0.001). Furthermore, higher educational level of parents indicated higher subjective social status of adolescents at school (p≤0,001). Moreover, higher perceived social status, both in school and in physical education classes showed positive correlations with better perception of general quality of life (r = 0.264, p <0.001 and r = 0.222, p <0.001, respectively). Conclusion School with lower perceived social status in physical education have higher BMI and lower levels of physical activity and quality of life.

Resumen Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores asociados con la percepción del nivel social subjetivo en el colegio y en las clases de educación física en estudiantes de una escuela de Florianópolis, SC. Método La muestra estuvo formada por 312 estudiantes (el 53,2% eran niñas), entre 10 y 16 años de educación primaria en una escuela de la red pública municipal de Florianópolis, SC. Se analizó la calidad de vida, la actividad física, el comportamiento sedentario, el índice de masa corporal (IMC), las características sociodemográficas y el nivel social subjetivo en el colegio y en las clases de educación física. Resultados La percepción del nivel social en el colegio fue mayor en las mujeres (p= 0,003) mientras que la percepción del nivel social en las clases de educación física fue mayor en los varones (p= 0,015). La percepción del nivel social en clases de educación física mostró una correlación negativa con el índice de masa corporal (r = −0,202; p= 0,001) y el tiempo sentado durante la semana (r = −0,127; p= 0,026) y se correlacionó positivamente con la actividad física (r = 0,372; p<0,001). La educación superior de los padres indicaba mayor nivel social subjetivo de los adolescentes en la escuela (p≤0,001). Además, mayor percepción del nivel social, en el colegio y en las clases de educación física mostraron correlaciones positivas con una mejor percepción de la calidad de vida en general (r = 0,264; p<0,001 y r = 0,222; p<0,001, respectivamente). Conclusión Este estudio mostró relaciones importantes del nivel social subjetivo en la educación física con la calidad de vida, el índice de masa corporal, el tiempo sentado y la actividad física de los adolescentes.

Efeitos dos exergames em crianças com risco e dificuldade significativa de movimento: um estudo cego randomizado / Effects of exergames in children at risk and significant movement difficulty: a blinded randomized study / Efectos de los videojuegos activos en niños en riesgo e importante dificultad de movimiento: un estudio enmascarado de distribución aleatoria

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o efeito de um programa de intervenção motora com exergames em crianças com risco e dificuldade significativa de movimento. Foram feitas 18 sessões de 45 minutos. Para identificar aas crianças com risco e dificuldade motora usou-se a bateria MABC-2. Nas análises pré-teste, no grupo experimental havia duas crianças com dificuldade de movimento e crianças com indicativo de risco de dificuldade, nas análises pós-teste verificou-se que apenas duas crianças estavam com risco de dificuldade e quatro sem dificuldade de movimento. Com isso, sugere-se que os exergames podem ser ferramentas úteis para a melhoria do desempenho motor, além de oferecer subsídio para uma opção de estimulação do movimento.

Abstract The aimed of this study was to verify the effect of a motor intervention program with exergames in children with risk and significant movement difficulty. 18 sessions of 45 minutes were performed.. The MABC-2 battery was used to identify children at risk and motor difficulty. In the pre-test, in the experimental group there were two children with difficulty of movement and four children with indicative of risk of difficulty, in the post-test analyzes, it was verified that only two children were at risk of difficulty and four were without difficulty of Movement. With this, it is suggested that the exergames can be useful tools for the improvement of the motor performance, besides offering subsidy for an alternative of stimulation of the movement.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar el efecto de un programa de intervención motora con videojuegos activos en niños en riesgo e importante dificultad de movimiento. Se realizaron 18 sesiones de 45 minutos. Para identificar a los niños en riesgo y con motricidad difícil, se utilizó una batería MABC-2. En el análisis previo al estudio, en el grupo experimental había dos niños con dificultades de movimiento y cuatro niños sin dificultades de movimiento Con ello se sugiere que los videojuegos activos pueden ser herramientas útiles para logar una mejora del rendimiento motor, además de ofrecer ayuda a una alternativa de estimulación del movimiento.

Avaliação das tarefas de equilíbrio do teste KTK associado a fatores antropométricos em escolares de 8 anos de idade / Evaluation of test balance tasks KTK associated with anthropometric factors in 8 years old school children

Introdução: O equilíbrio corporal é fundamental no processo de desenvolvimento da criança, pois é a base para todos os movimentos corporais. No entanto, sofre influência de vários fatores antropométricos importantes para sua manutenção. Objetivo: Avaliar as tarefas de equilíbrio do teste Korperkoordinationstest fur Kinder (KTK) associado a fatores antropométricos em escolares de 8 anos de idade. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 284 escolares de ambos os sexos, matriculados em escolas públicas do Município de São José/SC. Para a avaliação do equilíbrio, foi utilizada bateria KTK. E para os fatores antropométricos, calculou-se o IMC e verificou-se o tipo de pé por meio do pedígrafo marca (PODO Tech). Resultados: Observou-se que escolares do sexo masculino apresentaram 72% de chances de terem dificuldade na tarefa de equilíbrio, assim como escolares com excesso de peso 94%. Na tarefa salto monopedais foi encontrada associação apenas com IMC. Conclusão: Crianças com pés planos, com sobrepeso e do sexo masculino possuem mais chances de insuficiência/perturbação de coordenação na tarefa da trave de equilíbrio (AU)

Introduction: Body balance is critical in child development process; it is the basis for all body movements. However, it is influenced by several important anthropometric factors for its maintenance. Objective: To evaluate the test balance tasks Korperkoordinationstest fur Kinder (KTK) associated with anthropometric factors in school 8 years old. Methods: The study included 284 students of both sexes, enrolled in public schools in São José/SC. For the assessment of the balance was used battery KTK. And for anthropometric factors, BMI was calculated and foot type through pedigraph (PODO Tech). Results: It was observed that male students had 72% chances of having difficulty in balancing task, as well as students with overweight 94% chance. In monopedais jump task was found association only with BMI. Conclusion: Children with flat feet, overweight and males have more chances of failure/disturbance of coordination in the balance beam task. (AU)

Questionnaire on body awareness of postural habits in young people: construction and validation / Questionário de percepção corporal dos hábitos posturais de jovens: construção e validação

Abstract Introduction: The postural deviations associated with the changes in the habits of young people have increased over the last decades. Investigating the subject by way of a self-perception questionnaire allows one to understand the level of awareness the individual has concerning his/her postural habits. Objective: Designing a self-perception evaluation questionnaire about the postural habits of young people and to validate, pre-test, verify the reliability and the internal consistency of this instrument. Methods: The validity of the content was determined by 10 judges. The study involved young people (15 - 18 years old) from Florianopolis/Brazil. The questionnaire was pre-tested, applied to 15 youthful who provided qualitative information about it. The reproducibility was analyzed by way of a test-retest with 40 students, in a one-week gap, and was analyzed by interclass correlation coefficient. The internal consistency was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha with 679 students. A 5% significance level was adopted. Results: Concerning to the validation of content, the questionnaire presented a total coefficient of 0.28 and 72% concordance was observed amongst the reviewers. The interclass correlation coefficient (test-retest) indicated acceptable reproducibility values (R = 0.66, 0.74 and 0.59; p < 0.001), with a decrease in the object-carrying dimension (R = 0.32; p = 0.04). The questionnaire was considered suitable, quick and easy to fill in. The internal consistency presented a value of 0.80. Conclusion: The questionnaire on body awareness of postural habits in young people is a valid instrument with good repeatability and reliability, its use can be recommended with teenagers showing the same profile as those used in this study.

Resumo Introdução: Os desvios posturais associados às mudanças de hábitos em adolescentes vêm aumentando nas últimas décadas. Investigar por meio de questionário de autopercepção permite entender o nível de consciência que o indivíduo tem dos hábitos posturais. Objetivo: Construir um questionário de avaliação da autopercepção dos hábitos posturais de jovens, validar, pré-testar, verificar a confiabilidade e a consistência interna do instrumento. Métodos: A validade de conteúdo foi analisada por 10 juízes. O estudo envolveu jovens (15 - 18 anos) de Florianópolis/Brasil. O questionário foi pré-testado, aplicado a 15 jovens que forneceram informações qualitativas sobre ele. A reprodutibilidade foi analisada através do teste-reteste com 40 alunos, em um intervalo de 1 semana, os dados foram analisados por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. A consistência interna foi analisada por meio do Alpha de Cronbach com 679 jovens. Adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Na validação de conteúdo o questionário apresentou um coeficiente total de 0.28, observou-se uma concordância de 72% entre os avaliadores. O questionário foi considerado adequado, de rápido e fácil preenchimento. Os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse (teste-reteste) indicaram valores de reprodutibilidade aceitáveis (R = 0.66; 0.74 e 0.59; p < 0,001), com baixa na dimensão carregando objetos (R = 0.32; p = 0.04). A consistência interna apresentou um valor de 0.80. Conclusão: O questionário de percepção corporal dos hábitos posturais de jovens é um instrumento válido, com boa repetibilidade, confiabilidade e seu uso pode ser recomendado para adolescentes com o mesmo perfil deste estudo.